How to Navigate a Home Inspection

Week 9 – Buying a Home 101This is the ninth article in my series called Buying a Home 101: Everything You Didn’t Know You Needed to Know Before You Buy Your First Home. This step-by-step series will take you through the entire home-buying process -- from finding a buyer’s agent to settlement day, and even to maintaining your home after you’re all moved in. Make sure to tune in every week! You don’t want any nasty surprises after you move into your new home, right?!Getting a professional home inspection is one very important step you need to take once you’re under contract.Your contract may include a contingency that gives you a certain number of days to complete an inspection. Once you have the results, you may ask for repairs, renegotiate the price, or even cancel the contract if needed.No home is perfect but at least a home inspection gives you some guidance on what you are facing. Only you can decide what you are willing to accept or undertake if you decide to buy this home.If any red flags arise, then you’ll need to decide what’s a deal breaker or not.Here’s a rundown of what to expect:Inspector Who?Make sure you hire a reputable and experienced inspector. Most states don’t require licensing so you want to find someone who is highly recommended, works full-time in the field, and is affiliated with a professional organization. Also look for someone who’s familiar with local building codes and the home’s type of construction and age.Items to Check OffA home inspector will visually inspect the physical condition of the home and its major systems. A standard checklist usually includes: heating system; cooling system; electrical system; appliances — kitchen/bath/laundry; plumbing; chimney; framing/structure; foundation/basement; drainage; roofing; and garage.What to ExpectKeep in mind that inspectors look for deficiencies that are in view and won’t pull up carpet or look for any other hidden defects.You can ask the sellers for permission to remove carpeting or paneling if something seems suspect. Also, if the inspector has serious concerns about a specific element, then you may need to hire an expert – such as a structural engineer, HVAC contractor, or plumber — to give you a more thorough evaluation.If a home is vacant, make sure the seller will have all the utilities on during the inspection so the inspector can see how they operate. You don’t want to incur the cost of a second trip out to your home!Time and CostOn average, a standard inspection can take 2 to 4 hours depending on the size of the home and can cost a few hundred dollars. Ask to be one of the first or second appointments of the day, so you have a “fresh” inspector who will take time at your home.Special ServicesFor an additional fee, some inspectors may include items such as wood destroying insects, rodents, mold, fences, pools, spas, sprinkler systems, septic tanks and also environmental services, including testing for radon, lead, asbestos, carbon monoxide, and formaldehyde.Usually a specific license is required to inspect these items so check to see if your inspector can handle them. If not, you will need to bring in an expert if you have any concerns.Show and Tell Having an inspection is a great opportunity to gain some first-hand knowledge about the home you are about to purchase. You should accompany the inspector during the inspection to take advantage of his/her expertise and find out how the home functions.During an inspection, you will see what type of systems exist in your home and their condition. You can also learn how to maintain them to improve the enjoyment and value of your home.It’s a good time to ask questions so you understand your home AND the inspection report you’re about to receive.Report Summary After the inspection, you will receive a signed report that summarizes what was discovered. This report is your property and no other party is entitled to see it. Ask if you will receive the report on-site or will it be emailed to you.Remember, it’s important to understand that an inspection is not a warranty since it is limited to what is visually accessible at the time of inspection. Many inspectors carry errors-and-omissions insurance but their contracts often limit their liability to a refund of the fee.Take the time to carefully review this report and reconcile it with the seller’s disclosure statement. If nothing is amiss, you can go forward with your purchase. However, if the inspector discovers some defect, you now need to make a plan of action to resolve the issue or just cancel the contract.Red Flag AlertsSome red flag issues are hidden and hard to see at first so make sure your inspector keeps a keen eye on the following:•Lack of maintenance in general could be a red flag that the home hasn’t been properly taken care of for many years and that major issues – such as water damage — could be lurking. That’s when due diligence is especially needed during an inspection.•Some issues are typical for the age and location of your home and not the sign of poor construction. You may not mind a typical fixer-upper in a certain neighborhood that has “good bones,” but you do want to steer clear of a home that has too many issues but isn’t really that old.•Do-it-yourself additions or any DIY work that isn’t up to code. If the addition looks awkward and cheap, it probably is and could be detrimental to the home when you want to resell. Or, you’ll need to factor in the cost and time to tear down and rebuild properly.•Termite infestation can wreak havoc on a home. Determine how bad and how much it will cost to fix and prevent in the future.•Moisture in the basement can mean two things: the home’s grading has some seepage issues and you’ve got the potential for mold. Usually the basement will smell musty if this is the case. Mold is a serious issue and can cause health problems if pervasive, so tread carefully!•Water marks on the ceiling or walls could signal a leaking roof, gutters rusting, or faulty plumbing – all leading to wood rot and other possible destruction. All can be fixed but you’ll need to determine the extent of the damage.•Cracks in the wall and sloping floors point to possible structural and foundation issues, which can be costly depending on the age of the home.•Toxic materials in homes built before 1970 such as lead paint or asbestos (found in some building materials) can be a major problem. Factor in containment and professional replacement costs before you buy!•Faulty and outdated wiring can be a serious fire hazard. Inspectors should check for overloaded circuits and proper grounding.Take ActionIf something was red flagged in the report, you may need to hire an expert and get some estimates for needed repairs.Knowing what you’re willing to fix or not fix is important. Talk to your agent, family, or friends and also call a contractor to discuss which defects are minor or not.For some items, it could be a simple solution. A trip to the hardware store may be all that’s needed. Get a list of those items you want to fix and price it out yourself.Most importantly, decide if you want the sellers to fix it themselves or offer as credit. If you have a choice, sometimes it’s smarter to hire your own contractors and supervise repairs. Before issuing a formal “request to repair,” consider the seller’s incentive to hire the cheapest contractor or to replace appliances with the least expensive brands.Stay tuned for next week’s Review Those Condo Docs! Purchasing a condo unit is like you’re buying into a business. You need to determine how stable and financially sound this “business venture” is before taking it on, and that’s where reviewing condo docs comes in. You’ll get all the details in this article. Keep on learning with our Buying a Home 101 series – an informed buyer will be a happy homeowner!